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Harry Shoemaker
Harry Shoemaker (May 11, 1879 – August 8, 1932) was an American inventor and pioneer radio engineer, who received more than 40 U.S. patents in the radio field from 1901 to 1905.〔United States. (1917). Radio communication. Hearings before the Committee on the merchant marine and fisheries, House of representatives, Sixty-fourth Congress, second session, on H.R. 19350, a bill to regulate radio communication. January 11 to 26, 1917. Washington: Govt. Print. Off., page 414.〕 His transmitter and receiver designs set the standard for the U. S. commercial radio industry up to World War One.
==Early Life==
Shoemaker was born in 1879 near Millville, Pennsylvania. His early education was at the Greenwood Seminary in Millville, Pennsylvania and the Normal School in Muncy, Pennsylvania. In 1896, he began attending Pennsylvania State College.
In 1894, Professor Henry Russell conducted a classroom demonstration of the transmission and reception of electromagnetic radiation (radio signals). A fascinated Shoemaker conducted further experiments at his home, using a spark-gap transmitter, plus a coherer receiver of his own design, which used a galvanometer's needle to strike and reset the coherer after each received Morse code signal.〔''Wireless Communication in the United States'' by Thorn L. Mayes, 1989, page 210.〕 However, he did not publicize or patent any of his early work, so when he later testified that he had constructed a radiotelegraph system, in April, 1895 at the age of 16, which anticipated Guglielmo Marconi's original patent, the U.S. courts would not accept his statement, bluntly declaring that "His testimony is so utterly unsupported and insufficient and improbable that it will not be discussed".〔"Marconi Wireless Telegraph Company of America v. De Forest Wireless Telegraph Company (Circuit Court, S. D. New York. April 11, 1905)", ''The Federal Reporter. Volume 138. Cases Argued and Determined in the Circuit Courts of Appeals and Circuit and District Courts of the United States. July-September, 1905'', page 671.〕
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